Gratitude and Gravy

Thanksgiving celebrations always seem to involve a crazy amount of food consumption. Not a lot has changed since the 19th century. In the time of the Super Size meals, we eat more than our ancestors. But the menus from Thanksgivings past suggest they looked the other way during the holiday as well.

Thanksgiving in the United States has been observed on differing dates. From the time of the Founding Fathers until Abraham Lincoln made it a national holiday in 1863, the date of observance varied from state to state. Lincoln set national Thanksgiving by proclamation for the final Thursday in November in celebration of the bounties that had continued to fall on the Union and for the military successes in the war, also calling on the American people, "with humble penitence for our national perverseness and disobedience ... fervently implore the interposition of the Almighty hand to heal the wounds of the nation...." Because of the ongoing Civil War, a nationwide Thanksgiving celebration was not realized until Reconstruction in the 1870s.*

In 1879, Thanksgiving landed on November 27th. The following appeared the next day in the Friday (November 28, 1879) edition of The Bismarck Tribune. It outlined the menus at a couple of the hotels in Bismarck - The Merchants Hotel and the Sheridan House.

Lots of the same staples as today: turkey, dressing, mashed potatoes, and various pies. But also thrown in are choices that you wouldn't find on today's holiday table: hog's head cheese, tongue, heart, and fatty goose livers.

If I could go back in time, I think I would be a picky eater but wouldn't have too much trouble finding something I could work with.

Happy Thanksgiving all!

* Wikipedia

Big Winners at the Catholic Fair

During the winter of 1888, a fundraiser was held by the Ladies of the Catholic Church in Sturgis. They raised close to $400, which would be equivalent to about $13,994 today (in terms of general purchasing power).* Certainly not too shabby for a church fundraiser in a small town, a mile north of nowhere.

U.S. Seventh Cavalry aficionados will recognize the names Weihe and Hoehn among the prize winners. Hoehn was on detached service from June 15, 1876 at Yellowstone Depot, Montana Territory. Therefore, he didn’t perish at Little Bighorn like his Company L comrades. 

Henry Charles Weihe is an altogether different story. Weihe (aka Charles White) was a sergeant in Company M. During the Battle of the Little Bighorn, he was wounded in the right arm. His horse was killed when the retreat from the valley fight began. He was left in the timber and later rejoined Reno and the rest of the troops on the hilltop. He was transported to Fort Lincoln aboard the steamer Far West.  Daniel Newell stated, “Sergeant White, though badly wounded in the elbow, stayed on his feet and did everything he could to relieve the sufferers. He had a glassful of jelly in his bags and each wounded man got a small spoonful of that.”

I always liked Newell's anecdote about Weihe/White. What a generous and thoughtful gesture. I'm happy he won a fancy lap robe at the drawing.

* measuringworth.com

Max Hoehn Page

Daniel Newell Page

Henry Charles Weihe/Charles White Page

Forgotten Barber, Unforgettable Battle

Forgotten Barber, Unforgettable Battle: A South Dakota Veteran’s Lifelong Quest to Understand Little Bighorn

An article was published in the November 9, 1936 issue of the Rapid City Journal, detailing the research of Mr. Agner Mosier into the Battle of the Little Big Horn.

In the quiet halls of the South Dakota State Soldiers’ Home in Hot Springs, an aging veteran found purpose in the pages of history. Agner Mosier, a former barber from Rapid City and a U.S. Cavalryman with the famed Seventh Regiment from 1880 to 1885, spent his later years piecing together one of America’s most mythologized conflicts: the Battle of the Little Bighorn.

Mosier didn’t just study the battle—he walked the land, retraced the movements, and spoke with fellow cavalrymen who had lived through that fateful June day in 1876. His deep dive into the terrain where Custer made his last stand wasn’t for glory or fame. Instead, it was a soldier’s search for understanding—of tactics, survival, and perhaps of the men who fought and fell.

Through his fieldwork and his interviews—particularly with Capt. Frank M. Gibson and Major Marcus A. Reno’s associates—Mosier built a compelling narrative. He dispelled common myths, questioned official accounts, and brought renewed attention to stories that might otherwise have been forgotten. One such figure was Daniel Newell, a survivor of the battle whose firsthand account, published in Sunshine Magazine in the 1930s, deeply influenced Mosier’s understanding.

What sets Mosier apart is how his research leaned into human experience rather than heroic legend. He examined where Reno made his stand, how Indian scouts anticipated Custer’s movements, and why the Gatling guns were left behind. Mosier understood that the battle was less about romanticized bravery and more about preparation, decision-making, and an underestimation of the Lakota, Cheyenne, and Arapaho forces.

His conclusion? The U.S. command’s failure wasn’t simply a matter of being outnumbered. It was strategic error, poor coordination, and a tragic underestimation of the resistance they would face.

The article also paints a vivid picture of Mosier’s humility. Despite being a veteran himself, he doesn't seek the spotlight. Instead, he positions himself as a student of history, learning from those who were there. His work reminds us that history isn't just the domain of scholars in ivory towers—it’s often preserved by ordinary people with extraordinary curiosity.

As we revisit stories like Mosier’s, we’re reminded that the past is not a static collection of dates and names. It is alive in memory, in retelling, and in the quiet diligence of a retired barber with a soldier’s eye and a historian’s heart.

I apologize for the article preview below. If you click on the image, and then right click to save, it will download a copy to your computer which can then be enlarged and read easily.

Rapid City Journal; November 9, 1936

Daniel Newell Page

Charles Windolph Page

Main Page

1926 - 50th Anniversary of Little Big Horn Battle Video Footage

The 50th anniversary of the Battle of Little Big Horn in 1926, was one of the largest. There were still battle veterans from both sides who were alive and attended the event. Troopers who attended the celebration included Daniel Newell, John Burri, Peter Thompson, and Charles Windolph. The anniversary was also attended by Edward S. Godfrey, the former first lieutenant who was in charge of Company K at the battle.

YouTube has lots of historical content, including the Battle of the Little Big Horn. The below footage is only 1:07 but is well worth a watch or two. Godfrey appears in the video and that fact alone makes it a must watch. Godfrey is in all the Little Big Horn books and accounts. Yet, here he is walking and moving around in a video. It just goes to prove that in the grand scheme of things, the Old West wasn't all that long ago. 

As I type this, I'm also organizing, planning, and packing to head out to Montana in a couple days for the 149th anniversary of the battle. If you happen to see me running around, don't be shy, say hello. I enjoy connecting with other crazy people who share an interest in Great Plains history.

Daniel Newell at the 50th Anniversary of the Little Big Horn Battle

Re-Enact Famous Custer Struggle

Main Page

Fort Meade Reopens for 2025

On Saturday, May 17, 2025, Fort Meade is reopening for the season. I highly encourage all Little Big Horn, Custer, or just plain history buffs to add it your travel plans. There are many troopers who were at the Little Big Horn battle buried in the area. Do not miss the Post Cemetery. Also be sure to stop by the nearby Black Hills National Cemetery and say hello to Trooper Charles Windolph. His grave is directly across from the visitor center and very easy to find. If you make the stop, I would love to hear your thoughts!

Incidentally, May 17, 1876, is the date when General Custer and the 7th U.S. Cavalry left Fort Abraham Lincoln near Bismarck, Dakota Territory, to find Indians. They found them alright.

Click here to get directions to the 7th Cavalry graves in the Black Hills including GPS coordinates:

GRAVE INFORMATION

John Lattman Obituary - Madison Daily Leader

John Lattman was born in Switzerland in 1848. He enlisted in the U.S. 7th Cavalry in Philadelphia, on October 14, 1873. He was discharged five years later, on October 14, 1878, at Fort Lincoln, Dakota, upon expiration of service, as a private of excellent character. 

He was a member of Company G and was therefore assigned to Major Reno's battalion at the Battle of the Little Big Horn. During the dash from the timber to the bluffs, he was left behind in the timber. He was possibly in a group that included scout George Herendeen. They eventually made it to the bluffs and the relative safety of the rest of the companies. Being with the experienced Herendeen may have helped save Lattman's life.

After his discharge from the army, he homesteaded on 160 acres of land northeast of Rapid City, South Dakota, where he raised cattle, and became a well-respected rancher. He died on October 7, 1913, at the age of sixty-five. He is buried at Elk Vale Cemetery, located northeast of Rapid City.

Elk Vale Cemetery. Northeast of Rapid City, South Dakota.

Lattman grave at Elk Vale Cemetery.

Lattman obituary from the Madison
Daily Leader, Madison, SD. October 21, 1913.

JOHN LATTMAN PAGE

Victoria Hammon

Victoria was the wife of John E. Hammon. Hammon met her while stationed at nearby Fort Meade, serving in the 7th US Cavalry. He was a veteran and survivor of the 1876 Battle of the Little Big Horn. 

Victoria was born Victoria Patterson on September 20, 1860 in Ohio. She and John Hammon were married in 1881 and ranched east of Fort Meade. Together they had eight children: Emma, Harry, Earl, Agnes, Hope, Mary, Lillian and Victoria. Emma and Harry, their first two children, died as infants and are buried in the Fort Meade National Cemetery, Sturgis, South Dakota.

Victoria died on Monday, January 25, 1937, in Sturgis. She was buried in Bear Butte Cemetery at the end of Sherman Street in Sturgis. She was buried next to her husband, John, who had passed in 1909.

Victoria Hammon Obituary; Sturgis Weekly Record; January 28, 1937

I apologize for the quality of the newspaper clipping. The text of the obituary reads as follows:

Mrs. Victoria Hammon Dies Following Long Illness

Funeral services for Mrs. Victoria Hammon, who passed away Monday evening

at 7:30, following a long illness, at her home on Cedar street, were held from the

Anderson & Son funeral chapel, yesterday at 3:30, conducted by Rev. Carroll D.

Erskine of the Presbyterian church. There was a large attendance of old time

friends and neighbors from Sturgis and surrounding community. There was a

profusion of floral tributes. Interment was made in Bear Butte cemetery, beside

the grave of her husband. The pallbearers were five grandsons - Earl Ford, Harry

Zeidner, William Ford, Jack Gronert and Donald Williams and a close friend of

the family, Carl Boehnlein.

Mrs. Hammon had been ill for a number of years and following an operation

about three years ago suffered greatly, all of which she endured bravely and with

rare fortitude. During her long illness she was tenderly cared for by her devoted

family, who did everything possible to make her comfortable and happy.

Victoria Patterson was born on September 20, 1860 at Lynchberg, Ohio. She was

married to John Edward Hammon, December 10, 1881, at Morrow, Ohio. They

immediately came to Fort Meade and Sturgis. They also lived for a few years on

a ranch east of Fort Meade. Mr. Hammon died January 20, 1909.

Mrs. Hammon is survived by one son, Earl E. Hammon, Custer State Park; five

daughters, Mrs. Mitchell Turner, San Antonio, Texas; Mrs. Mary Zeidner, Mrs.

Elmer Williams, Mrs. Lillian Schlegel, Sturgis,and Mrs. Edward Gronert, Rapid

City and twelve grandchildren. She also leaves a brother, Wm. Patterson,

Lynchburgh, Ohio; three sisters, Mrs. F.M. Smith, Waynesville, Mrs. Agnes

Weeks, Dayton, Ohio and Mrs. Ira Weeks, Springfield, Ohio, a number of nieces

and nephews. Mrs. Hammon was a member of the Rebekah and Degree of

Honor lodges.

Mrs. Hammon was a devoted wife and mother and a firm friend. Quiet and

unassuming but also possessed of a keen sense of humor and of justice, she did

her share toward making the world a better place in which to live. The love she

gave, the service she rendered, the friendships she proved, continues to abide in

many hearts and memories.

On February 4, 1937, the following Card of Thanks appeared in the Sturgis Weekly Record:

Hammon Card of Thanks; Sturgis Weekly Record; February 4, 1937

Hammon grave at Bear Butte Cemetery, Sturgis, South Dakota.

JOHN HAMMON PAGE